The cause of foot and ankle arthritis also depends on the type of arthritis, but generally is a result of genetics, age, and injury. Genetics is most common, as some people are born with a predisposition to the condition, which means their bodies are unable to repair or protect the cartilage in the joints. This can make them more vulnerable to damage and wear-and-tear, leading to arthritis.Age is another major factor in the development of foot and ankle arthritis. As people get older, the cartilage in the joints becomes weaker and more prone to wear and tear. This can lead to the cartilage breaking down and the bones in the joint rubbing together, causing pain and swelling.

Trauma or injury to the joint, like an ankle sprain, can also cause cartilage in the foot and ankle to break down and the bones to rub together. Repetitive activities, like running or jumping, can put extra stress on the joints, leading to arthritis. Rheumatoid arthritis, an autoimmune condition, can lead to foot and ankle arthritis when the immune system attacks the joints, leading to inflammation and damage to the cartilage.